Tax Sanctions as the Institutions Conditioning Efficiency of Collecting Tax Information – Limits of Legal Regulations

Paweł Majka

Abstract


The subject of the study is to outline the boundaries within the legislator may sanction the obligations to provide information to tax authorities using tax sanctions. The author analyzes tax sanctions as instruments guaranteeing the effectiveness of legal norms related to information obligations in the light of the protection of the taxpayer’s rights. In the author’s opinion, there is a clear outline of the possible shape of the sanction, which limits the legislator in excessive interference with the rights of taxpayers. These limits, both in national and international law, are determined primarily by the principle of proportionality, which is decisive for the degree of discomfort associated with the application of sanctions. It should be indicated that the shape limits of these sanctions, characterized in this study, guarantee, in turn, the protection of the rights of these entities. At the same time, it should be emphasized that tax sanctions are, in principle, a complementary element of the system of the guarantees of the law effectiveness and the legislator deciding on their wider use should properly balance the degree of “saturation” of tax law with sanctions taking into account its nature.


Keywords


tax sanctions; legal border of sanction; tax information; obligation to provide tax information; protection of taxpayer’s rights

References


LITERATURE

Bahçeci B., Ovalıoğlu S., The Controversial Application of the ne bis in idem Rule by the European Court of Human Rights in Respect of Tax Penalties, “European Taxation” 2018, no. 11.

Baker P., Some Recent Decisions of the European Court of Human Rights on Tax Matters (and Related Decisions of the European Court of Justice), “European Taxation” 2016, no. 8.

Borucka-Arctowa M., Woleński J., Wstęp do prawoznawstwa, Kraków 1997.

Brzeziński B., Informacje i dokumentacja w prawie podatkowym, [in:] Prawo podatkowe. Teoria, instytucje, funkcjonowanie, ed. B. Brzeziński, Toruń 2009.

Brzeziński B., Informacje podatkowe, [in:] Wielka encyklopedia prawa, vol. 9: Prawo finansowe, eds. B. Brzeziński, H. Litwińczuk, Z. Ofiarski, Warszawa 2017.

Brzeziński B., Prawo podatkowe. Zagadnienia teorii i praktyki, Toruń 2017.

Brzeziński B., Wstęp do nauki prawa podatkowego, Toruń 2007.

Devos K., Penalties and Sanctions for Taxation Offences in Selected Anglo-Saxon Countries: Implications for Taxpayer Compliance and Policy, “Revenue Law Journal” 2004, no. 14.

Dębowska-Romanowska T., Następstwa karno-skarbowe nieujawnienia podatku a obowiązki państwa wobec podatników, „Państwo i Prawo” 2007, no. 9.

Duda M., Pojęcie i charakter sankcji podatkowych, „Prawo – Administracja – Kościół” 2002, no. 2–3.

Dziedziak W., Sankcje prawne i moralne. Studium teoretycznoprawne, Lublin 1999 (unpublished doctoral dissertation).

Dzwonkowski H., Konstytucyjność sankcji podatkowych, „Monitor Podatkowy” 1999, no. 3.

Endresen C., Taxation and the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights: Substantive Issues. No Tax, No Society, “Intertax” 2017, no. 45.

Frey J., Jupp A., Schwarz F.M., The CJEU’s Berlioz Judgment: A New Milestone on Procedural Rights in EU Audits, “Tax Notes International” 2017, no. 8.

Gomułowicz A., Zasada sprawiedliwości podatkowej w orzecznictwie Trybunału Konstytucyjnego, Warszawa 2003.

Gomułowicz A., Małecki J., Podatki i prawo podatkowe, Warszawa 2011.

Hanusz A., Charakter prawny dodatkowego zobowiązania podatkowego, „Przegląd Podatkowy” 2000, no. 4.

Lee N., Time for Ferrazzini be Reviewed?, “British Tax Review” 2010, no. 6.

Leszczyńska A., Europejska Konwencja o Ochronie Praw Człowieka oraz Podstawowych Wolności jako instrument ochrony praw podatnika, „Kwartalnik Prawa Podatkowego” 2004, no. 1–2.

Maisto G., The Impact of the European Convention on Human Rights on Tax Procedures and Sanctions with Special Reference to Tax Treaties and the EU Arbitration Convention, [in:] Human Rights and Taxation in Europe and the World, eds. G.W. Kofler, M. Poiares Maduro, P. Pistone, IBFD 2011 (Online Books).

Majka P., Sankcje w prawie podatkowym, Warszawa 2011.

Mik C., Prawo własności w europejskiej konwencji praw człowieka, „Państwo i Prawo” 1993, no. 5.

Mikuła P., Zasada proporcjonalności w podatku od wartości dodanej – analiza orzecznictwa TSUE, „Toruński Rocznik Podatkowy” 2014.

Mirek I., Daniny publiczne w prawie niemieckim, Warszawa 1999.

Nakielska I., Prawo do własności w świetle Europejskiej Konwencji Praw Człowieka, Gdańsk 2002.

Oleński J., Ekonomika informacji. Metody, Warszawa 2003.

Oniszczuk J., Podatki i inne daniny w orzecznictwie Trybunału Konstytucyjnego, Warszawa 2001.

Poelmann E., Some Fiscal Issues of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union, “Intertax” 2015, no. 43.

Richardson M., The EU and ECHR Rights of the Defence Principles in Matters of Taxation, Punitive Tax Surcharges and Prosecution of Tax Offences, “European Community Tax Review” 2017, no. 6.

Sabbi L., The Reasonable Time of Tax Proceedings in the Italian Legal System, “Intertax” 2018, no. 46.

Selera P., Zasada proporcjonalności w orzecznictwie podatkowym Trybunału Konstytucyjnego, „Państwo i Prawo” 2014, no. 4.

Smołka M., Pojęcie i rodzaje sankcji prawnych, Lublin 1979 (unpublished doctoral dissertation).

Tax Administration 2017: Comparative Information on OECD and Other Advanced and Emerging Economies, 7th edition, OECD Publishing.

LEGAL ACTS

Act of 26 July 1991 on Personal Income Tax (consolidated text Journal of Laws 2020, item 1426 as amended).

Act of 15 February 1992 on Corporate Income Tax (consolidated text Journal of Laws 2020, item 1406 as amended).

Act of 29 August 1997 – Tax Code (consolidated text Journal of Laws 2020, item 1325 as amended).

Act of 20 November 1998 on Lump Sum Income Tax on Certain Revenues Generated by Natural Persons (consolidated text Journal of Laws 2019, item 43 as amended).

Act of 11 March 2004 on Tax on Goods and Services (consolidated text Journal of Laws 2020, item 106 as amended).

Act of 6 December 2008 on Excise Tax (consolidated text Journal of Laws of 2020, item 722 as amended).

Act of 16 November 2016 on the National Tax Administration (consolidated text Journal of Laws 2020, item 505).

Act of 9 March 2017 on the Exchange of Tax Information with Other Countries (consolidated text Journal of Laws 2020, item 343).

Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (OJ EU C 83, 30.03.2010).

Constitution of the Republic of Poland of 4 April 1997 (Journal of Laws of 1997, no. 78, item 483 as amended).

Council Directive 2006/112/EC of 28 November 2006 on the common system of value added tax, are of fundamental importance for forming sanctions (OJ EC 2006 L 347/1, 11.12.2006).

Council Directive (EU) 2018/822 of 25 May 2018 amending Directive 2011/16/EU as regards mandatory automatic exchange of information in the field of taxation in relation to reporting cross-border arrangements (OJ EU L 139/1, 4.06.2018).

European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms of 4 November 1950 (Journal of Laws 2003, no. 61, item 284 as amended).

Protocol no. 1 to the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms drown up at Paris on 20 March 1952 (Journal of Laws 1995, no. 36, item 175).

Protocol no. 7 to the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms drawn up at Strasbourg on 22 November 1984 (Journal of Laws 2003, no. 42, item 364).

Resolution of the Council and of the representatives of the governments of the Member States, meeting within the Council, of 27 June 2006 on a code of conduct on transfer pricing documentation for associated enterprises in the European Union (EU TPD) (OJ EC 2006 C 176/1, 28.07.2006).

CASE LAW

Judgement of the CJEU of 20 July 2013, case C-259/12, Rhodopipo.

Judgement of the Constitutional Tribunal of 26 April 1995, K 11/94, OTK 1995, no. 1, item 12.

Judgement of the Constitutional Tribunal of 13 February 1999, K 19/99, OTK 2001, no. 1, item 30.

Judgement of the Constitutional Tribunal of 22 May 2002, K 6/02, OTK 2002, no. 3, item 33.

Judgement of the Constitutional Tribunal of 20 November 2002, K 41/02, OTK 2002, no. 6, item 83.

Judgement of the Constitutional Tribunal of 9 July 2012, P 8/10, OTK 2012, no. 7, item 75.

Judgement of the Constitutional Tribunal of 31 January 2013, K 14/11, OTK 2013, no. 1, item 7.

Judgement of the Constitutional Tribunal of 11 February 2014, P 24/12, OTK 2014, no. 2, item 9.

Judgement of the ECtHR of 21 February 1984, case 8544/79, Öztürk v. Germany.

Judgement of the ECtHR of 24 February 1994, case 12547/86, Bendenoun v. France.

Judgement of the ECtHR of 12 July 2001, case 44759/98, Ferrazzini v. Italy.

Judgement of the ECtHR of 23 November 2006, case 73053/01, Jussila v. Finland.

Judgement of the ECtHR of 9 January 2007, case 803/02, Intersplav v. Ukraine.

Judgement of the ECtHR of 6 November 2008, case 30352/03, Ismayilov v. Russia.

Judgement of the ECtHR of 10 December 2009, case 28336/02, Grifhorst v. France.

Judgement of the ECtHR of 25 November 2014, case 51269/07, Pakozdip v. Hungary.

Judgement of the ECtHR of 15 November 2016, case 24130/11, AIB v. Norway.

Judgement of the ECtHR of 18 May 2017, case 22007/11, Johanneson and Others v. Iceland.

Resolution of the Supreme Administrative Court of 16 October 2017, II FPS 4/18, CBOSA.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/sil.2020.29.4.189-207
Date of publication: 2020-09-30 22:31:46
Date of submission: 2020-01-30 21:15:27


Statistics


Total abstract view - 1256
Downloads (from 2020-06-17) - PDF - 0 PDF (Język Polski) - 0

Indicators



Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2020 Paweł Majka

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.