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Abstract
The article concerns the convergence of international humanitarian law and international human rights law in armed conflicts. International humanitarian law and human rights law converge and permeate each other because both these disciplines of public international law are founded on natural law. Although international humanitarian law constitutes a lex specialis, the general rules on the interpretation of treaties clearly indicate that international human rights law must be interpreted in the context of other rules of international law, and its derogations, if any, must be compatible with other international obligations of the state, including with humanitarian law. Where a conflict arises between international humanitarian law and international human rights law, the mechanism for resolving conflicts between norms has been supplemented by the International Court of Justice by applying an interpretation based on the principle of systemic integration, resulting in the “humanization” of international humanitarian law. As regards the application of universal and regional instruments of international human rights law, we face a “humanization” of them. That is why more and more attention is paid in practice to the complementarity of international humanitarian law and international human rights law, and this is confirmed in United Nations discussions and resolutions on the situation in armed conflicts.
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LITERATURE
ans de déclaration universelle des droits de l’homme: droits de l’homme et droit international humanitaire, “International Review of the Red Cross” 1998, vol. 80(831): “Dossier. 1948–1998: Droits de l’homme et droit international humanitaire” 1998 (September), DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0035336100055994.
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MISCELLANEOUS
st International Conference of the Red Cross and Red Crescent, Geneva, Switzerland, 28 November – 1 December 2011, Report: International Humanitarian Law and the challenges of contemporary armed conflicts, 31IC/11/5.1.2.
General Comment No. 29 on States of Emergencies, adopted on 24 July 2001, reproduced in Annual Report for 2001, A/56/40, Annex VI.
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LEGAL ACTS
Additional Protocols to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949 concerning the protection of victims of international armed conflicts (Protocol I) and the protection of victims of non-international armed conflicts (Protocol II), done at Geneva on 8 June 1977 (UNTS, vol. 1125).
Charter of the United Nations, 24 October 1945, 1 UNTS XVI.
Convention on the Rights of the Child, adopted by the UN General Assembly on 20 November 1989, UNTS, vol. 1577, p. 3.
European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, signed in Rome on 4 November 1950, and subsequently amended by Protocols Nos. 3, 5 and 8, and supplemented by Protocol 2 (ETS, no. 5).
Geneva Convention Relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War (Fourth Geneva Convention), Geneva, 12 August 1949, UNTS vol. 75.
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, opened for signature on 19 December 1966 in New York (UNTS, vol. 999, p. 171).
International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, opened for signature on 19 December 1966 in New York, UNTS, vol. 993, p. 3.
Resolution 2444 (XXIII) adopted by the International Conference on Human Rights, Tehran, 12 May 1968: Human Rights in Armed Conflicts.
CASE LAW
Decision of the ECoHR, case of Stocké v. Federal Republic of Germany, ECHR Series A, vol. 199, p. 24.
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Decision of the HRC, case of Celiberti de Casariego v. Uruguay, Communication no. 56/1979, UN Doc. CCPR/C/13/D/56/1979 (1981).
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IACHR, case of Coard et al. v. United States, 29 September 1999, report N. 109/99 – case no. 10951, paras 24 and 25.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/sil.2023.32.3.237-252
Date of publication: 2023-09-29 15:54:27
Date of submission: 2023-05-24 17:43:03
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