The /r/ which dies hard – a diachronic look at the developments of the rhotic sound in selected Celtic, Germanic and Romance languages

Krzysztof Jaskuła

Abstract


Phonetically, the archetypal rhotic /r/ is a coronal speech sound that is often half-way between consonants and vowels, usually acting in words as a consonant syllable-wise. Its positional and structural functions in selected languages are described here from a diachronic perspective. 


Keywords


position; structure; rhotic; theory

Full Text:

PDF

References


Blevins, J. (2004). Evolutionary Phonology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Bloch-Rozmej, A. (1995). Nasal lenition and the theory of phonological government. In E. Gussmann (ed.) Licensing in Syntax and Phonology, 165-185. Lublin: Folium.

Carvalho, J. B. de (2008). Western Romance. In J. B. de Carvalho, T. Scheer and P. Ségéral (eds.) Lenition and Fortition, 207-233. Berlin: Mouton.

Carr, P. (1993) Phonology. London: Macmillan.

Collins, B., I. M. Mees (2003). The Phonetics of English and Dutch. Leiden, Boston: Brill.

Cyran, E. (2003). Complexity Scales and Licensing Strength in Phonology. Lublin: Redakcja Wydawnictw KUL.

Cyran, E. (2010). Complexity Scales and Licensing in Phonology. Berlin: Mouton.

Czaplicki, B. (2013). R-metathesis in English: An account based on perception and frequency of use. Lingua 137: 172-192.

Dolgopolsky, A. (2008). Nostratic Dictionary. Cambridge: McDonald.

Frisch, S. A. (2004). Language processing and segmental OCP effects. In B. Hayes, R. Kirchner and D. Steriade (eds.), Phonetically Based Phonology, 346–378.

Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Gimson, A. C. (1980). An Introduction to the Pronunciation of English. Oxford: Arnold.

Holmes, U. T., A. H. Schutz (1928). A History of the French Language. New York: Biblo and Tannen.

Jaskuła, K. (2006). Ancient Sound Changes and Old Irish Phonology. Lublin: Wydawnictwo KUL.

Hall, N. (2007). R-Dissimilation in English. California State University. Research Gate [accessed 06.09.2017].

Harris, J. (1994). English Sound Structure. Oxford: Blackwell.

Kaye, J., J. Lowenstamm, J.-R. Vergnaud (1990). Constituent structure and government in phonology. Phonology 7, 193-231.

Kortlandt, F. (1986). Posttonic *w in Old Irish. Ériu 37, 89-92.

Ladefoged, P., I. Maddieson (1996). The Sounds of the World’s Languages. Oxford: Blackwell.

Lahiri, A. (1982). Theoretical Implications of Analogical Change: Evidence from Germanic Languages. Unpublished Ph. D. dissertation. Brown University, Providence.

Matasović, R. (2009). Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic. Leiden: Brill.

McCone, K. (1996). Towards a Relative Chronology of Ancient and Mediaeval Celtic Sound Change. Maynooth: St. Patrick’s College.

Nyrop, K. (1935). Grammaire historique de la langue française. Paris: Alphonse Picard et Fils.

Paradis, C., D. LaCharité (2011). Structure preservation: the resilience of distinctive information. In M. van Oostendorp, C. J. Ewen, E. Hume and K. Rice (eds.) The Blackwell Companion to Phonology, 1787-1810. Oxford: Blackwell.

Pope, M. K. (1934). From Latin to Modern French with Especial Consideration of Anglo-Norman. Manchester: Manchester University Press.

Reszkiewicz, A. (1973). A Diachronic Grammar of Old English. Warszawa: PWN.

Scheer, T. (2004). A Lateral Theory of Phonology. What is CVCV and why Should it Be? Berlin: Mouton.

Scheer, T., P. Ségéral (2008). Positional factors in lenition and fortition. In J. B. de Carvalho, T. Scheer and P. Ségéral (eds.) Lenition and Fortition, 131-172. Berlin: Mouton.

Schiller, N.O. (1998). The phonetic variation of German /r/. In M. Butt and N. Fuhrhop (eds.) Variation und Stabilität in der Wortstruktur. Untersuchungen zu Entwicklung, Erwerb und Varietäten des Deutschen und anderer Sprachen, 261-287. Hildesheim: Olms.

Ségéral, P., T. Scheer (2008). The Coda Mirror, stress and positional parameters. In J. B. de Carvalho, T. Scheer and P. Ségéral (eds.) Lenition and Fortition, 483-518. Berlin: Mouton.

Thomas, E. W. (1974). A Grammar of Spoken Brazilian Portuguese. Nashville: Vanderbilt University Press.

Trask, R. L. (1996). A Dictionary of Phonetics and Phonology. London and New York: Routledge.

Veloso, J. (2015). The English R coming! The never ending story of Portuguese rhotics. Oslo Studies in Language 7(1), 323–336.

Wernicke-Heinrichs, M. (1996). The Evolution of French R: A Phonological Perspective. Unpublished M. A. dissertation. Simon Fraser University, Ottawa.

Wiese, R. (1996). The Phonology of German. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Wolff, G. (1958). The French R: A study in historical phonetics and phonemics. Dissertation Abstracts 19, 322-323.

Zając, M., A. Rojczyk (2017). Realisation of /r/ in the speech of Polish learners of English: An examination of L1 and L2 productions. Paper presented at APAP 3 (Approaches to Phonology and Phonetics), 23-25 June 2017, Lublin.

Zinc, G. (1986). Phonétique historique du français. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/lsmll.2018.42.1.4
Date of publication: 2018-04-06 09:58:06
Date of submission: 2017-09-29 21:49:50


Statistics


Total abstract view - 655
Downloads (from 2020-06-17) - PDF - 333

Indicators



Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2018 Krzysztof Jaskuła

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.