Can phonemes be considered troublemakers? The case of the Danish /r/

Mikołaj Sobkowiak

Abstract


The acquisition of the Danish sound system can be a difficult task for both native and non-native speakers. This paper is an attempt at showing the ways in which /r/ contributes to the system’s overall complexity. It is suggested that /r/-related difficulties in Danish are due to the impact /r/ has on the neighboring sounds and, as a result, on the relations between graphemes, phonemes and sounds. Several phenomena connected with the presence of /r/ in various contexts are presented to exemplify the above statement, including r-coloring (i.e. the change of the quality of the neighboring vowel), the fusion of /r/ with neighboring vowels and the interactions between /r/ and /ə/, resulting in a change of vowel length and/or the assimilation of [ə]. The analysis focuses mainly on the grapheme-sound relations and the ways /r/ affects the discrepancy between Danish orthography and pronunciation.


Keywords


Danish pronunciation; Danish orthography; /r/

Full Text:

PDF

References


Basbøll, H. (2005). The Phonology of Danish. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Bigailaitė, N. (2010). Dansknær udtale hos udlændinge – et realistisk mål eller en illusion? (=Københavnerstudier i tosprogethed bind 50). København: Københavns Universitet, Humanistisk Fakultet.

Bleses, D. (et al.). (2008). Early vocabulary development in Danish and other languages: A CDI-based comparison. Journal of Child Language 35, 619-650.

Gooskens, Ch. (et al.) (2010a). Is Danish an intrinsically more difficult language to understand than Swedish? [In:] B. Heselwood, C. Upton (eds.). Proceedings of Methods XIII. Papers from the Thirteenth International Conference on Methods in Dialectology, 2008 (=Bamberger Beiträge zur Englischen Sprachwissenschaft 54) (pp. 163-173). Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang.

Gooskens, C. (et al.) (2010b). Is spoken Danish less intelligible than Swedish? Speech Communication 52, 1022-1037. [available at:] http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167639310001093.

Grønnum, N. (1998). Fonetik og fonologi. Almen og dansk. København: Akademisk Forlag.

Grønnum, N. (2007). Rødgrød med fløde. København: Akademisk Forlag.

Grønnum, N., Basbøll, H. (2003). Stød and length in Standard Danish: Experiments in laboratory phonology. Proceedings of the 15th International Congress of Phonetic Sciences, Barcelona 2003, 455-458. https://www.internationalphoneticassociation.org/icphs-proceedings/ICPhS2003/papers/p15_0455.pdf [last accessed 30.09.2017]

Haberland, H. (1994). Danish. [In:] E. König, J. Van der Auwera (eds.). The Germanic Languages (pp. 313-348). London/New York: Routledge.

Hansen, E. (2005). The standard languages and their systems in the 20th century V: Danish. [In:] O. Bandle et al. (eds). The Nordic Languages. Volume 2 (pp. 1626-1634). Berlin/New York: Walter de Gruyter.

Hansen, E. (2006). Dæmonernes port. Materiale til studiet af dansk sprog. København: Hans Reitzels Forlag.

Henriksen, C., van der Auwera, J. (1994). The Germanic Languages. [In:] E. König, J. Van der Auwera (eds). The Germanic Languages (pp. 1-18). London/New York: Routledge.

Janikowski, K. (1990). Podręcznik wymowy duńskiej. Wrocław: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego.

Maciejewski, W. (1999). Świat języków (=Wielka Encyklopedia geografii świata 14). Poznań: Wydawnictwo Kurpisz.

Rasmussen, J. (2005). Sig det med takt og tone. Dansk fonetik i teori og praksis. Poznań: Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM.

Schab, S. I., Sobkowiak, M. (2016). „Odbijający się czkawką sen złośliwego lingwisty”. O postrzeganiu języka duńskiego i trudnościach w jego przyswajaniu. Folia Scandinavica Posnaniensia 20, 187-204.

Schab, S. I. (2009). Skandynawski czy nordycki? Krótkie studium uzusu. Acta Sueco-Polonica 15, 205-213.

Schachtenhaufen, R. (2007). Realiseringen af schwa i spontant dansk tale. Master’s thesis. København: Københavns Universitet, Institut for Nordiske Studier og Sprogvidenskab. http://schwa.dk/filer/Schwa_speciale.pdf [last accessed 29.09.2017]

Schachtenhaufen, R. (2010). Schwa-assimilation og stavelsesgrænser. NyS 39, pp. 64-92. http://schwa.dk/filer/Schachtenhaufen_NyS_39.pdf [last accessed 29.09.2017]

Schüpert, A. (et al.) (2016). Why is Danish so difficult to understand to fellow Scandinavians? Speech Communication 79, 47-60. http://www.let.rug.nl/gooskens/pdf/publ_speechcom_2016.pdf [last accesssed: 30.09.2017]

Sobkowiak, M. (2011). When 16th century Polish poetry meets modern Danish syntax. A study of an odd case. Folia Scandinavica Posnaniensia 12, 305-314.

Thorborg, L. (2001). Dansk udtale i praksis – med. Rytmisk grammatik. København: Akademisk Forlag.

Trecca, F. (et al.) (2015). When too many vowels impede language processing: The case of Danish. Poster session presented at 40th Annual Boston University Conference on Language Development, Boston, USA.

Vikør, L. S. (2002). The Nordic language area and the languages in the north of Europe. [In:] O. Bandle et al. (eds). The Nordic Languages. Volume 1 (pp. 1-12). Berlin/New York: Walter de Gruyter.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/lsmll.2018.42.1.49
Date of publication: 2018-04-06 09:58:08
Date of submission: 2017-09-30 22:27:02


Statistics


Total abstract view - 720
Downloads (from 2020-06-17) - PDF - 541

Indicators



Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2018 Mikołaj Sobkowiak

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.