Rosja na Bałkanach w XXI wieku: konflikty, działania i perspektywy

Bojana Zoric, Jan Holzer

Streszczenie w języku polskim


Po rozpadzie Socjalistycznej Federalnej Republiki Jugosławii na początku lat 90. sześć nowo niepodległych krajów dążyło do integracji europejskiej i euroatlantyckiej. Korzystne położenie geograficzne i znaczenie geopolityczne regionu jako pogranicza Wschodu i Zachodu zyskały międzynarodową uwagę podczas wojen bałkańskich. W tym okresie Rosja zaczęła z większym zainteresowaniem patrzeć na ten region, opierając się na swoich historycznych, ideowych, religijnych i politycznych powiązaniach z tamtejszymi krajami. Artykuł analizuje obecność i rolę Rosji w regionie, koncentrując się na dwóch głównych wymiarach: (1) nastrojach antyzachodnich odzwierciedlanych w wysiłkach Kremla mających na celu uniemożliwienie awansu regionu na drodze do NATO oraz (2) elemencie ideowym obejmującym mnóstwo działań i taktyk mających na celu wywieranie wpływu politycznego i maksymalizację korzyści ekonomicznych. Szerszy kontekst geopolityczny wyjaśniony jest przez pryzmat wojny na Ukrainie, której wynik może spowodować zmiany w sojuszach w regionie, co w konsekwencji wpłynie na wieloletni cel Kremla, jakim jest ugruntowanie pozycji regionalnej potęgi.


Słowa kluczowe


Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, European and Euro-Atlantic integration, Balkans, Russia, anti-Western sentiment, geopolitical context, regional power.

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/bc.2024.9.9-30
Data publikacji: 2024-09-26 12:58:08
Data złożenia artykułu: 2023-10-17 15:19:49


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