The Significance of the Aging for the Effectiveness of Affective Regulation in the Context of Music Perception (Research Review)

Alicja Ryczkowska

Abstract


The article focuses on the importance of the age factor for the effectiveness of affective regulation in the context of music perception in relation to the previous research review. Numerous non-musical studies confirm that older adults, experiencing various difficulties associated with the aging process, paradoxically enjoy better affective well-being in their everyday life than young adults, who do not experience the aforementioned difficulties. This phenomenon is also reflected in most of the results of the few studies conducted so far on the importance of the age factor for affective response to music. Taking into account the results of most of these studies, it should be pointed out that older adults are able to regulate their own affective state in the context of music perception more effectively than young adults. The above-mentioned phenomenon can be interpreted in relation to the developmental psychology theories – Socioemotional Selectivity Theory (including the positivity effect) by Carstensen, as well as to Selective Optimization with Compensation by Baltes and Baltes.


Keywords


older adults; affective regulation; music perception

Full Text:

PDF

References


Arehart, K.H., Croghan, N.B.H., Muralimanohar, R.K. (2014). Effects of Age on Melody and Timbre Perception in Simulations of Electro-Acoustic and Cochlear-Implant Hearing. Ear Hear, 35(2), 195–202. DOI: 10.1097/AUD.0b013e3182a69a5c

Baltazar, M., Saarikallio, S. (2015). Affect Self-Regulation through Music: Which Concepts Do We Use and How? In: J. Ginsborg, A. Lamont, M. Phillips, S. Bramley (Eds.), Proceedings of the Ninth Triennial Conference of the European Society for the Cognitive Sciences of Music (pp. 204–210). Manchester: Royal Northern College of Music.

Baltes, P.B., Baltes, M.M. (1990). Psychological Perspectives on Successful Aging: The Model of Selective Optimization with Compensation. In: P.B. Baltes, M.M. Baltes (Eds.), Successful Aging: Perspectives from the Behavioral Sciences (pp. 1–34). New York: Cambridge University Press. DOI: 10.1017/CBO9780511665684

Baltes, M.M., Carstensen, L.L. (1996). The Process of Successful Ageing. Ageing and Society, 16(4), 397–422. DOI: 10.1017/S0144686X00003603

Barber, S.J., Kim, H. (2022). The Positivity Effect: A Review of Theories and Recent Findings. In: G. Sędek, T.M. Hess, D.R. Touron (Eds.), Multiple Pathways of Cognitive Aging Motivational and Contextual Influences (pp. 84–104). New York: Oxford University Press. DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780197528976.003.0005

Bergeson, T.R., Schneider, B.A., Hamstra, S.J. (2001). Duration Discrimination in Younger and Older Adults. Canadian Acoustics, 29(4), 3–9.

Calder, A.J., Keane, J., Manly, T., Sprengelmeyer, R., Scott, S., … Young, A.W. (2003). Facial Expression Recognition across the Adult Life Span. Neuropsychologia, 41(2), 195–202. DOI: 10.1016/S0028-3932(02)00149-5

Carstensen, L.L., Isaacowitz, D.M., Charles, S.T. (1999). Taking Time Seriously: A Theory of Socioemotional Selectivity. American Psychologist, 54(3), 165–181. DOI: 10.1037/0003-066X.54.3.165

Castro, S.L., Lima, C.F. (2014). Age and Musical Expertise Influence Emotion Recognition in Music. Music Perception: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 32(2), 125–142. DOI: 10.1525/mp.2014.32.2.125

Charles, S.T., Mather, M., Carstensen, L.L. (2003). Focusing on the Positive: Age Differences in Memory for Positive, Negative, and Neutral Stimuli. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 85, 163–178.

Cohen, S., Pressman, S.D. (2006). Positive Affect and Health. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 15(3), 122–125. DOI: 10.1111/j.0963-7214.2006.00420.x

Dubno, J.R. (2009). Longitudinal Changes in Hearing and Speech Perception in Older Adults. In: L. Hickson (Ed.), Hearing Health Care for Adults – The Challenge of Aging. Proceedings of the Second International Adult Conference (pp. 215–226). Chicago-Staefa: Phonak AG.

Eich, E., Metcalfe, J. (1989). Mood Dependent Memory for Internal Versus External Events. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 15(3), 443–455. DOI: 10.1037/0278-7393.15.3.443

Forgas, J.P. (2002). Feeling and Doing: Affective Influences on Interpersonal Behavior. Psychological Inquiry: An International Journal for the Advancement of Psychological Theory, 13(1), 1–28. DOI: 10.1207/S15327965PLI1301_01

Gabrielsson, A. (2001). Perceived Emotion and Felt Emotion: Same or Different. Musicae Scientiae, 5(1), 123–148. DOI: 10.1177/10298649020050S105

Geerligs, L., Saliasi, E., Maurits, N.M., Renken, R.J., Lorist, M.M. (2014). Brain Mechanisms Underlying the Effects of Aging on Different Aspects of Selective Attention. NeuroImage, 91(1), 52–62. DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.01.029

Gordon-Salant, S. (2005). Hearing Loss and Aging: New Research Findings and Clinical Implications. Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development, 42(4), 9–23. DOI: 10.1682/JRRD.2005.01.0006

Goryńska, E. (2005). Przymiotnikowa Skala Nastroju UMACL Geralda Matthewsa, A. Grahama Chamberlaina, Dylana M. Jonesa. Podręcznik. Warszawa: Pracownia Testów Psychologicznych Polskiego Towarzystwa Psychologicznego.

Grose, J.H., Mamo, S.K., Hall, J.W. (2009). Age Effects in Temporal Envelope Processing: Speech Unmasking and Auditory Steady State Responses. Ear Hear, 30(5), 568–575. DOI: 10.1097/AUD.0b013e3181ac128f

Gross, J.J., Carstensen, L.L., Pasupathi, M., Tsai, J., Skorpen, C.G., Hsu, A.Y. (1997). Emotion and Aging: Experience, Expression, and Control. Psychology and Aging, 12(4), 590–599. DOI: 10.1037/0882-7974.12.4.590

Hailstone, J.C., Omar, R., Henley, S.M., Frost, C., Kenward, M.G., Warren, J.D. (2009). It’s Not What You Play, It’s How You Play It: Timbre Affects Perception of Emotion in Music. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 62(11), 2141–2155. DOI: 10.1080/17470210902765957

Hopkins, K., Moore, B.C. (2011). The Effects of Age and Cochlear Hearing Loss on Temporal Fine Structure Sensitivity, Frequency Selectivity, and Speech Reception in Noise. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 130(1), 334–349. DOI: 10.1121/1.3585848

Isen, A.M. (2001). An Influence of Positive Affect on Decision Making in Complex Situations: Theoretical Issues with Practical Implications. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 11(2), 75–85. DOI: 10.1207/S15327663JCP1102_01

Juslin, P., Västfjäll, D. (2008). Emotional Responses to Music: The Need to Consider Underlying Mechanisms. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 31(5), 559–575. DOI: 10.1017/S0140525X08005293

Kerchner, G.A, Racine, C.A., Hale, S., Wilheim, R., Laluz, V., … Kramer, J.H. (2012). Cognitive Processing Speed in Older Adults: Relationship with White Matter Integrity. PLoS ONE, 7(11). DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0050425

Kisley, M.A., Wood, S., Burrows, C.L. (2007). Looking at the Sunny Side of Life: Age-Related Change in an Event-Related Potential Measure of the Negativity Bias. Psychological Science, 18(9), 838–843. DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-9280.2007.01988.x

Kliegel, M., Jäger, T., Phillips, L.H. (2007). Emotional Development across Adulthood: Differential Age-Related Emotional Reactivity and Emotion Regulation in a Negative Mood Induction Procedure. International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 64(3), 217–244. DOI: 10.2190/U48Q-0063-3318-1175

Knight, M., Seymour, T.L., Gaunt, J.T., Baker, C., Nesmith, K., Mather, M. (2007). Aging and Goal-Directed Emotional Attention: Distraction Reverses Emotional Biases. Emotion, 7(4), 705–714. DOI: 10.1037/1528-3542.7.4.705

Konečni, V.J. (2011). The Influence of Affect on Music Choice. In: P.N. Juslin, J. Sloboda (Eds.), Handbook of Music and Emotion: Theory, Research, Applications (pp. 698–723). New York: Oxford University Press.

Krumhansl, C.L. (2002). Music: A Link Between Cognition and Emotion. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 11(2), 45–50. DOI: 10.1111/1467-8721.00165

Labouvie-Vief, G., Grühn, D., Studer, J. (2010). Dynamic Integration of Emotion and Cognition: Equilibrium Regulation in Development and Aging. In: M.E. Lamb, A.M. Freund, R.M. Lerner (Eds.), The Handbook of Life-Span Development, Vol. 2: Social and Emotional Development (pp. 79–115). New York: John Wiley & Sons. DOI: 10.1002/9780470880166.hlsd002004

Larcom, M.J., Isaacowitz, D.M. (2009). Rapid Emotion Regulation after Mood Induction: Age and Individual Differences. Journal of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences, 64B(6), 733–741. DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbp077

Laukka, P., Juslin, P.N. (2007). Similar Patterns of Age-Related Differences in Emotion Recognition from Speech and Music. Motivation and Emotion, 31(3), 182–191. DOI: 10.1007/s11031-007-9063-z

Lawton, M.P., Kleban, M.H., Rajagopal, D., Dean, J. (1992). Dimensions of Affective Experience in Three Age Groups. Psychology and Aging, 7(2), 171–184. DOI: 10.1037/0882-7974.7.2.171

Lima, C.F., Castro, S.L. (2011). Emotion Recognition in Music Changes across the Adult Life Span. Cognition and Emotion, 25(4), 585–598. DOI: 10.1080/02699931.2010.502449

Liu, X.Z., Yan, D. (2007). Ageing and Hearing Loss. Journal of Pathology, 211(2), 188–197. DOI: 10.1002/path.2102

Mather, M., Canli, T., English, T., Whitfield, S., Wais, P., … Carstensen, L.L. (2004). Amygdala Responses to Emotionally Valenced Stimuli in Older and Younger Adults. Psychological Science, 15(4), 259–263. DOI: 10.1111/j.0956-7976.2004.00662.x

Matthews, G., Jones, D.M., Chamberlain, A.G. (1990). Refining the Measurement of Mood: The UWIST Mood Adjective Checklist. British Journal of Psychology, 81(1), 17–42. DOI: 10.1111/j.2044-8295.1990.tb02343.x

Pearce, M.T., Halpern, A.R. (2015). Age-Related Patterns in Emotions Evoked by Music: Psychology of Aesthetics. Creativity and the Arts, 9(3), 248–253. DOI: 10.1037/a0039279

Phillips, L.H., Smith, L., Gilhooly, K.J. (2002). The Effects of Adult Aging and Induced Positive and Negative Mood on Planning. Emotion, 2(3), 263–272. DOI: 10.1037/1528-3542.2.3.263

Reed, A.E., Carstensen, L.L. (2012). The Theory Behind the Age-Related Positivity Effect. Frontiers in Psychology, 3, DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00339

Rouiller, E.M. (1997). Functional Organization of the Auditory Pathways. In: G. Ehret, R. Romand (Eds.), The Central Auditory System (pp. 3–65). New York: Oxford University Press.

Russell, J.A., Feldman Barrett, L. (1990). Core Affect, Prototypical Emotional Episodes, and Other Things Called Emotion: Dissecting the Elephant. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 76(5), 805–819. DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.76.5.805

Ryczkowska, A. (2022). Positive Mood Induction through Music: The Significance of Listener Age and Musical Timbre. Psychology of Music, 50(6), 1961–1975. DOI: 10.1177/03057356221081164

Saarikallio, S. (2010). Music as Emotional Self-Regulation throughout Adulthood. Psychology of Music, 39(3), 307–327. DOI: 10.1177/0305735610374894

Schneider-Garces, N.J., Gordon, B.A., Brumback-Peltz, C.R., Shin, E. (2010). Span, CRUNCH, and Beyond: Working Memory Capacity and the Aging Brain. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 22(4), 655–669. DOI: 10.1162/jocn.2009.21230

Schubert, E. (2007). Locus of Emotion: The Effect of Task Order and Age on Emotion Perceived and Emotion Felt in Response to Music. Journal of Music Therapy, 44(4), 344–368. DOI: 10.1093/jmt/44.4.344

Schubert, E. (2013). Emotion Felt by the Listener and Expressed by the Music: Literature Review and Theoretical Perspectives. Frontiers in Psychology. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00837

Seligman, M.E.P., Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2000). Positive Psychology: An Introduction. American Psychologist, 55(1), 5–14. DOI: 10.1037/0003-066X.55.1.5

Singer, J., Rexhaj, B., Baddeley, J. (2007). Older, Wiser, and Happier? Comparing Older Adults’ and College Students’ Self-Defining Memories. Memory, 15(8), 886–898. DOI: 10.1080/09658210701754351

Stawski, R.S., Almeida, D.M., Sliwinski, M.J., Smyth, J.M. (2008). Reported Exposure and Emotional Reactivity to Daily Stressors: The Roles of Adult Age and Global Perceived Stress. Psychology and Aging, 23(1), 52–61. DOI: 10.1037/0882-7974.23.1.52

Suri, G., Gross, J.J. (2012). Emotion Regulation and Successful Aging. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 16(8), 409–410. DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2012.06.007

Urry, H.L., Gross, J.J. (2010). Emotion Regulation in Older Age. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 19(6), 352–357. DOI: 10.1177/0963721410388395

Västfjäll, D. (2002). Emotion Induction through Music: A Review of the Musical Mood Induction Procedure. Musicae Scientiae, 5(1), 173–211. DOI: 10.1177/10298649020050S107

Vieillard, S., Gilet, A.L. (2013). Age-related Differences in Affective Responses to and Memory for Emotions Conveyed by Music: A Cross-sectional Study. Frontiers in Psychology. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00711

Vieillard, S., Bigand, E. (2014). Distinct Effects of Positive and Negative Music on Older Adults’ Auditory Target Identification Performances. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 67(11), 2225–2238. DOI: 10.1080/17470218.2014.914548

Vieillard, S., Didierjean, A., Maquestiaux, F. (2012). Changes in the Perception and the Psychological Structure of Musical Emotions with Advancing Age. Experimental Aging Research, 38(4), 422–441. DOI: 10.1080/0361073X.2012.699371

Vieillard, S., Harm, J., Bigand, E. (2015). Expressive Suppression and Enhancement during Music-Elicited Emotions in Younger and Older Adults. Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience. DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2015.00011

Wiley, T.L., Chappell, R., Carmichael, L., Nondahl, D.M., Cruickshanks, K.J. (2008). Changes in Hearing Thresholds Over 10 Years in Older Adults. Journal of the American Academy of Audiology, 19(4), 281–292. DOI: 10.3766/jaaa.19.4.2

Zentner, M., Grandjean, D., Scherer, K.R. (2008). Emotions Evoked by the Sound of Music: Characterization, Classification, and Measurement. Emotion, 8(4), 494–521. DOI: 10.1037/1528-3542.8.4.494




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/j.2023.36.1.133-148
Date of publication: 2023-06-13 12:02:10
Date of submission: 2022-11-21 06:46:30


Statistics


Total abstract view - 466
Downloads (from 2020-06-17) - PDF - 322

Indicators



Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2023

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.